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This recommended practice contains dimensions and tolerances for spindles in the interface area. Interfacing components include axle spindle, bearing cones, bearing spacer, seal and wheel hub. This recommended practice is intended for axles commonly used on Class 7 and 8 commercial vehicles. Included are SAE axle configurations FF, FL, I80, L, U, W, R, N and P.

A method is presented for measuring individual wheel loadings with strain gages mounted on a rotating axle. The mechanics of the system are discussed and the instrumentation required for obtaining the necessary signal outputs is described.

This SAE Recomended Practice establishes uniform engineering nomenclature for wide base disc wheels and demountable rims. This nomenclature and accompanying figures are intended to define fundamental wide base disc wheels and demountable rim terms. The dimensions given are those necessary to maintain serviceability and interchangeability of the wide base disc wheels and demountable rims with standard hardware.

The performance of winter tires is characterized by snow traction and ice skid tests. Winter tire testing is reviewed in regards to the hardware used, design of a test program, site selection, and data analysis. The description of the hardware includes a review of a new traction measurement system. The system incorporates a traction truck with an instrumented axle at a driven wheel position interfaced with a mini-computer which controls the test, stores the measurements, and performs the data analysis.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers high strength thin wall (commercial) sockets, universal sockets, box wrenches and torque adaptors which possess the strength, clearances, and internal wrenching design so configured that, when mated with 12-point fasteners conforming to the requirement of AS870, they shall transmit torque to the fastener without bearing on the outer 5% of the fastener's wrenching points. Inclusion of dimensional data in this document is not intended to imply that all of the products described herein are stock production sizes. Consumers are requested to consult with manufacturers concerning lists of stock production sizes. The dimensional limits of box and combination wrench lengths have been established to provide configuration control for tool storage applications.

A new controllable limited slip differential is proposed and tested in software environment. It is characterized by the employment of a magnetorheological fluid, which presents the property of changing its rheology thanks to an applied magnetic field. A vehicle model has been designed and employed for the synthesis of a sliding controller. The control is based on a double level scheme: the upper controller aims to generate the target locking torque, while the lower controller generates, as control action, the supply current for the controllable limited slip differential. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the device in terms of vehicle dynamics improvement. Indeed, the results reached by the vehicle in presence of the new differential confirm the improved performances for both steady and unsteady state manoeuvres.

The world's first six-speed automatic transmission for passenger cars was introduced to the market by ZF in 2001. The 6HP-family is based on a Lepelletier planetary gear set. An advanced version of these transmissions was launched in 2006. The 2nd generation offers significantly improved customer-relevant features such as reduced fuel consumption, response time and shifting speed. With regard to the increasing requirements especially in reduction of CO2 emissions, a new eight-speed transmission is now under development. The main targets for this transmission family are a further significant reduction in fuel consumption and emissions, good driving performance and state of the art driving comfort. The paper describes the transmission 8HP70, the schematic, main features and major design components. Key figures like transmission weight and size, fuel efficiency benefits and driving performance are shown compared to the 6-speed transmission of the 2nd generation.

IN this paper the authors present some experimental results obtained by using the analysis outlined by Prof. James J. Guest before the Institution of Automobile Engineers, in 1926. To make the experimental work more understandable, they present the essential points of Professor Guest's analysis. Professor Guest begins his analysis of the movements of a car body with the simplest set of conditions and presents a graphical as well as an algebraic solution. He then includes one additional factor after another in his analysis until the principal factors in car suspension are included. After all factors are considered, the essential structure of the simple analysis is retained. The authors' efforts at the experimental determination of the moment of inertia of passenger cars were started in January, 1932, on Sir Charles Dennistoun Burney's “tear-drop” design with which he visited leading American manufacturers.